Learn more about this vibrant end-of-year celebrationits history, significance, and how it should be enjoyed.
It was designed to acknowledge and respond to the racial and economic challenges faced by African Americans.
Here’s what you should know about it today.
Photo:Galina Atroshchenko / Getty Images
What Is Kwanzaa?
Kwanzaa is a seven-day, non-religious celebration of family, culture, and community.
Each day is counted down on a menorah-like candelabra.
The mixing of ideas, words, and practices found throughout the continent has been criticized as being inauthentic.
Instead, Kwanzaa borrows from existing traditions to make something entirely new.
When Is Kwanzaa Celebrated?
Observed annually from December 26th to January 1st, Kwanzaa aligns with the end of the year.
Kwanzaa offers a unique opportunity for daily retrospection, celebration, and hopeful goal-setting for the coming year.
Who Celebrates Kwanzaa?
Kwanzaa is an American tradition.
It did not exist in Africa or the African Diaspora before it was invented in 1966.
While it started with humble roots in California, it is now celebrated throughout the United States and worldwide.
However, Kwanzaa’s focus on African values is not exclusionary.
This celebration is open to people of all identities and faiths.
What Are the Seven Principles of Kwanzaa, and How Are They Recognized?
The Nguzo Saba (or seven guiding principles) are celebrated one by one on each day.
Giftsare also exchanged during the week.
They are handmade or reused, in addition to being of utilitarian value.
Observe it by lighting the first candle, representing unity, on the Kinara.
Kujichagulia (Self-Determination)
Kujichagulia encourages individuals to shape their own destinies.
Groups engage in activities that encourage self-reflection and personal goal-setting.
Expect to participate in collective projects or volunteer work to improve the local community.
Families give a shot to buy from or support local Black-owned businesses.
Conversations revolve around economic empowerment, responsible spending, and the power of investing.
Elders pass down financial advice and money lessons to younger generations.
Nia (Purpose)
Nia encourages setting community-oriented goals and working toward them, collectively.
Groups discuss problems they face and set goals to overcome them for the betterment of the community.
Kuumba (Creativity)
This sixth principle celebrates creativity and fosters continuous improvement.
This is a fun day to engage in creative activities, such as art-, music-, orcraft-making.
Expect to incorporate African words and West African Adinkra symbols.
Handmade gifts are exchanged, emphasizing the value of personal creativity in each.
Imani (Faith)
Imani encourages belief in oneself, community, and positive change.
The final candle on the Kinara closes the celebration with a symbol of faith.
Families engage in discussions or activities that encourage optimism, planning for, and belief in a positive future.
What Are the Most Important Words to Know During Kwanzaa?
Throughout the week, celebrants learn and communicate in Swahili phrases to stay connected to gratitude.
Here are some of the most important words to know.
Kwanzaa is not a federal public holiday.
However, it is widely recognized.
Many communities across the country organize events to celebrate Kwanzaa.
Kwanzaa meals include traditional African dishes, as well as foods from the African diaspora.
